Creative Commons is both a solution and yet another failure to deal with authorship and copyright on the internet. Discuss.
Creative Commons is a non-profit organization which was started by Lawrence Lessing. Its main goal is to make it “easy for people to share and build upon the works of others consistent with the rules of copyright.” (About-Creative Commons).This increases the amount of creativity on the internet for public use, sharing and remixing legally. This piece of work, is to critically analyze and discuss the benefits and failures or drawbacks of Creative Commons when dealing with authorship and copyright on the internet.
Creative Commons allow people to submit their work, establish the terms and parameters they wish to have, and publish their work for others to see, share, use, or modify depending on the limitations of the license.(Introduction to social Interactivity online).This means that Creative Commons enables the idea of ‘some rights reserved’ rather than ‘all rights reserved’ which builds up online interactivity of internet users as people can share a variety of information, photos and music without going against the copyright laws. The types of licenses offered are summarized below.
Attribution –Creators allow other people to copy, distribute, display and perform their copyrighted work only if they acknowledge the creator.
Non-commercial –Creators allow others to copy distribute or perform their work only if they are not financially gaining from it.
No Derivative Works. Creators let others copy, distribute, display, and perform only verbatim copies of your work, not derivative works based upon it.
Share Alike-Allow others to distribute derivative works only under a license identical to the license that governs your work.
The above clearly shows that Creative Commons offer flexible rights licenses that help foster legal sharing not stealing thus, emphasises the idea that if one uses someone’s work he/ she has to give credit to the creator of the work.
Creative Commons do not require the explicit consent of the user, but rely on a legal mechanism. Instead of limiting the rights of the user, the license conditionally grants rights normally protected by copyright. If these rights are not acquired in another way, it is reasonable to assume that upon acting against the law but in accordance to the offered license, the license is accepted by the user. The user binds himself to the terms of the license by the sheer act of reproducing, modifying or distributing the work. If the user acts as if he has obtained permission, he is assumed to have accepted the offer and is required to honour conditions of the offer. In the Dutch case Curry v. Weekend (9 March 2006, LJN AV4204) the user of works published under a CC license was considered not have acquired rights other than those offered, which was about the only highlight of the case.( Bas Bloemsaat and Pieter Kleve,2009).
Creative Commons however, falls short in some areas relating to authorship and copyright. Some scholars argue that although a licensor of a work grants liberties to the world by applying a Creative Common license, people can never be sure about upstream authors or co-authors. If we are to assume that A created a certain art, then B shares the art on the internet using a Creative Common license, how will C know that B is not the creator of the art. It is often not so easy to tell the authenticity of the work if the licensor actually used information he would have derived from the actual owner. (International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 245).Creative Commons does not account for such discrepancies which might cause serious problems to person C under the copyright laws.
In Conclusion, I think Creative Commons should be credited for the internet community’s sharing and collaboration although it might have a few drawbacks.
Bibliography
Bas and Kleve, Pieter(2009) 'Creative Commons: A business model for products nobody wants to buy', International Review of Law, Computers & Technology, 23: 3, 237 — 249
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600860903262404
http://libraryproxy.griffith.edu.au/login?
Billboard. New York: May 28, 2005. Vol. 117, Iss. 22; pg. 24, 2 pgs
http://libraryproxy.griffith.edu.au/login?
url=http://proquest.umi.com.libraryproxy.griffith.edu.au/pqdweb?did=847235311&sid=5&Fmt=4&clientId=13713&RQT=309&VName=PQD
Creative Commons, http://creativecommons.org/about
Creative Review,London : June, 2006 pg. 36
Doctorow, Cory (2008) Content: Selected Essays on Technology, Creativity, Copyright and the Future of the Future
Introduction to Social Interactivity online, http://library.thinkquest.org/07aug/01935/creativecommons.html
Wally Conhaim Information Today. Medford: Jul/Aug 2002. Vol. 19, Iss. 7; pg. 52, 2 pgs
http://libraryproxy.griffith.edu.au/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com.libraryproxy.griffith.edu.au/pqdweb?did=146327501&sid=5&Fmt=3&clientId=13713&RQT=309&VName=PQD
Locus Magazine, 2007
https://learning.secure.griffith.edu.au/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab=courses&url=/bin/common/course.pl?course_id=_73970_1&frame=top
http://library.thinkquest.org/07aug/01935/creativecommons.html
Friday, December 11, 2009
Sunday, December 6, 2009
DAY 7 Tutorial Task
Sign an e-petition....
E-PETITIONS CONFIRMATION Thank you Ms Chananda
Your name has been added to the Sex offenders rehabilitation program E-Petition as specified below.https://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/view/EPetitions_QLD/Confirmation.aspx?PetNum=1345&lIndex=-1
What is Barak Obama up to today?
President Obama will lay out his strategy for Afghanistan in a speech from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, according to White House press secretary Robert Gibbs
http://www.america.gov/st/peacesec-english/2009/November/20091130152512dmslahrellek0.2036554.html
What do you think of the Australian Government's plans to censor the internet (the so-called "Clean Feed
I think that Australian Gvt's plan to filter the internet is likely going to have negative implications on the internet users,for instance,low speed of the internet as the filtering process might require a few more seconds,or minutes perhaps.This will also mean that people will then be deprived their right to choose their own uses of the internet.There wont be as much access to certain information available to the people.
E-PETITIONS CONFIRMATION Thank you Ms Chananda
Your name has been added to the Sex offenders rehabilitation program E-Petition as specified below.https://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/view/EPetitions_QLD/Confirmation.aspx?PetNum=1345&lIndex=-1
What is Barak Obama up to today?
President Obama will lay out his strategy for Afghanistan in a speech from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, according to White House press secretary Robert Gibbs
http://www.america.gov/st/peacesec-english/2009/November/20091130152512dmslahrellek0.2036554.html
What do you think of the Australian Government's plans to censor the internet (the so-called "Clean Feed
I think that Australian Gvt's plan to filter the internet is likely going to have negative implications on the internet users,for instance,low speed of the internet as the filtering process might require a few more seconds,or minutes perhaps.This will also mean that people will then be deprived their right to choose their own uses of the internet.There wont be as much access to certain information available to the people.
New Media Ecology? / Summary of the Course Themes
Wow!!!Time flies...i can’t believe that today’s lecture was the last...
In the lecture Adam discussed media ecology and also gave us a summary of the course. He described media ecology as a school of thought which considers how communication technologies have become part of the society.
The main thing that stood out for me is how Marshall MacLuhan summarized his ideas about media as tetrad of media effects. The tetrad is a means of examining the effects on society of any technology/medium by dividing its effects into four categories and displaying them simultaneously. McLuhan designed the tetrad as a pedagogical tool, phrasing his laws as questions with which to consider any medium:
What does the medium enhance?
What does the medium make obsolete?
What does the medium retrieve that had been obsolesced earlier?
What does the medium flip into when pushed to extremes?
I had a great time doing this course in the past two weeks. Like i said on my first post,I enrolled in this course to so gain an awareness and better understanding of the world of computers and the internet. Many thanks to Adam for his great teaching skills which made it possible not only for me to understand the uses of the new communication technologies, but also appreciate and acknowledge the existence in the invisible environment. Thanks Adam!!!!
In the lecture Adam discussed media ecology and also gave us a summary of the course. He described media ecology as a school of thought which considers how communication technologies have become part of the society.
The main thing that stood out for me is how Marshall MacLuhan summarized his ideas about media as tetrad of media effects. The tetrad is a means of examining the effects on society of any technology/medium by dividing its effects into four categories and displaying them simultaneously. McLuhan designed the tetrad as a pedagogical tool, phrasing his laws as questions with which to consider any medium:
What does the medium enhance?
What does the medium make obsolete?
What does the medium retrieve that had been obsolesced earlier?
What does the medium flip into when pushed to extremes?
I had a great time doing this course in the past two weeks. Like i said on my first post,I enrolled in this course to so gain an awareness and better understanding of the world of computers and the internet. Many thanks to Adam for his great teaching skills which made it possible not only for me to understand the uses of the new communication technologies, but also appreciate and acknowledge the existence in the invisible environment. Thanks Adam!!!!
Lecture 9 - Networked Creativity
The lecture was presented by Jason Nelson and he touched on the interesting and creative use of the new technologies. He introduced us to quite a number of cool websites but the following were of much interest to me.
· The speedtest.net which tests the speed of the internet and it connects to any server around the world.
· Personas-uses sophisticated natural language processing and the internet to create a data portrait of one’s aggregated online identity... http://personas.media.mit.edu/personasWeb.html.
Jason also talked about portable-apps , a computer program that can be carried around with on a portable device and use on any Windows computer. When a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, iPod or other portable device is plugged in, one will have access to his/her software and personal data just as an individual’s own PC. And when the device is unplugged, no personal data is left behind.....cool stuff!!!
Key logging software-software which records all the keys struck on the keyboard. This is usually used by companies for security reason and in a covert manner so that the person using the keyboard is unaware that their actions are being monitored..
Lunarpages--Web Hosting launched in 1998 in order to provide affordable and reliable hosting for personal websites, small business, ecommerce shops, Fortune 100 corporations, dedicated customers, and more. It hosts the biggest and the best in the industry, utilizing the knowledge that has made us the largest web host in the world.....
http://www.lunarpages.com/about/
Today i was just overwhelmed by the amazing work that can be done on the internet...
· The speedtest.net which tests the speed of the internet and it connects to any server around the world.
· Personas-uses sophisticated natural language processing and the internet to create a data portrait of one’s aggregated online identity... http://personas.media.mit.edu/personasWeb.html.
Jason also talked about portable-apps , a computer program that can be carried around with on a portable device and use on any Windows computer. When a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, iPod or other portable device is plugged in, one will have access to his/her software and personal data just as an individual’s own PC. And when the device is unplugged, no personal data is left behind.....cool stuff!!!
Key logging software-software which records all the keys struck on the keyboard. This is usually used by companies for security reason and in a covert manner so that the person using the keyboard is unaware that their actions are being monitored..
Lunarpages--Web Hosting launched in 1998 in order to provide affordable and reliable hosting for personal websites, small business, ecommerce shops, Fortune 100 corporations, dedicated customers, and more. It hosts the biggest and the best in the industry, utilizing the knowledge that has made us the largest web host in the world.....
http://www.lunarpages.com/about/
Today i was just overwhelmed by the amazing work that can be done on the internet...
Lecture 8 - Being a Digital Citizen (Censorship and Filesharing)
Censorship is the control or restrictions of certain information on the internet. The government may deny its citizens access to certain websites and information, and this is a burning issue here in Australia as the government wants to implement Internet Censorship. This raises a lot of controversies and conflicts with the deontological rights of a citizen. These (deontological rights) are pre-legal rights, (independent of the Law) which exist regardless of the consequences associated with enforcing them. It brings up the idea that as citizens, we have rights that cannot be interfered with.I think that people are rational (able to choose appropriate means to achieve their goals/ desires) and independent so the power of the government on individuals should be limited and they should let people be!
The government’s plan to filter the internet does not only deprive the citizens of their rights, but it is likely going to cause some technical problems as well. It is likely that the internet’s performance will become slow and the prices will also do higher.
In the lecture we also watched a movie, STEAL THIS MOVIE, which discussed the issue of file sharing from a neutral point of view.
The government’s plan to filter the internet does not only deprive the citizens of their rights, but it is likely going to cause some technical problems as well. It is likely that the internet’s performance will become slow and the prices will also do higher.
In the lecture we also watched a movie, STEAL THIS MOVIE, which discussed the issue of file sharing from a neutral point of view.
Thursday, December 3, 2009
Tutorial Task 10
To create a tetrad, and discover insights into any human technology whatsoever, we have to consider the following questions:
Enhance: What does this medium enhance or amplify?
Obsolete: What does this medium make obsolete?
Retreival: What does this medium retrieve from the past, that was previously obselesced?
Reversal: What does this medium reverse into, or, flip into, when pushed to extreme?
Mobile Phone
Enahances-It extends the voice
Reverses-If pushed to exreme a phone might engender a need for solitude
Retrieves-A phone allows a sense of community
Obsolesces-It makes telegraphs unnecessary
E-learning
Intensifies multimedia presentation as a form
Renders printed training material as obsolete
Retrieves many elements of training
Is reversing itself into a blended approach for greater flexibility
Enhance: What does this medium enhance or amplify?
Obsolete: What does this medium make obsolete?
Retreival: What does this medium retrieve from the past, that was previously obselesced?
Reversal: What does this medium reverse into, or, flip into, when pushed to extreme?
Mobile Phone
Enahances-It extends the voice
Reverses-If pushed to exreme a phone might engender a need for solitude
Retrieves-A phone allows a sense of community
Obsolesces-It makes telegraphs unnecessary
E-learning
Intensifies multimedia presentation as a form
Renders printed training material as obsolete
Retrieves many elements of training
Is reversing itself into a blended approach for greater flexibility
Monday, November 30, 2009
Sunday, November 29, 2009
Internet Field Trip ...
Qualitative differences between the regular IM program and a 3D environment
- The first obvious difference is that 3D environment are mainily about the imaginary world which may lead people to become over ambitious (in a negative sense) wheareas IM programs are mostly about the real world.
- In most cases communication is with people know and can relate to whereas in 3D environment people are mostly total strangers who could even be having fake personalites
- With IM you rae able to tell which one of your friends is on line which you cannot do in 3D environmment...
I know they all just the obvious ones but....mmmmm ,.....i couldn't think of anything better ....
Lecture 5 -Virtual Philosophy
In today's lecture i found the allegoryof the cave by a great Philosopher,Plato very interesting .Plato is bringing to our attention the idea that what people are not experiencing the full essence of reality but just a shadow of it.I found the folllowing video on youtube about this allegory which i thought i could share. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6KVHMU3gb8&feature=related
In the lecture we also watched a video about second life,a virtual world which enables people to interact using avatars.This relates to what we discussed earlier this week about how people can be whoever they want to be using the internet.
In the lecture we also watched a video about second life,a virtual world which enables people to interact using avatars.This relates to what we discussed earlier this week about how people can be whoever they want to be using the internet.
Lecture 4-Open /Free Software
The Lecture was basically about copyrights.Copyright refers to the legal rights of creators to control the use,reproduction and publication of their work.Lawrence Lessing is the founder of Creative Commons, a non-gorvernmental organisation that issue licences which legally allow people to copy and distribute stuff provided they credit the author or creator of the work. Some conditions however apply to the license provided by CC....license holders can only legally reuse or copy some works and not everything.
Difference between Proprietary and Open Software
Difference between Proprietary and Open Software
- PS is paid for whereas OS is free
- Legally people are not allowed to go through PS whereas the source code for OS is freely available.
- The other thing about PS is that even if you buy the product, you'll only earn a license and not rights over the product
- Problems associated with OS are easily resolved whereas the PS take forever and yoou'll have to pay more money for them to be fixed.
Interestingly,afterthe lecture i realised that PS is not any inferior to the PS!!!
Task 2
Search engines store information about many web pages, which they retrieve by an automated Web browser which follows every link on the site.According to statistics in America,about 80% of the internet users use Google...this reminds me of what my tutor was saying about how Google has now become a verb....Google is my favourite search engine because whenever i type in a query i always get the best-matching,relevant and satsfying results. Increased search relevance makes these cached pages very useful, even beyond the fact that they may contain data that may no longer be available elsewhere....sounds like im now markerting google ha ha...
As i was researching why ,who, or what, makes one page more useful than another one, so that it is put at the top of your search results i came acros the following:
As i was researching why ,who, or what, makes one page more useful than another one, so that it is put at the top of your search results i came acros the following:
- high-quality information on the site
- Optimization of the website
- Write a newsletter and send it to targeted market
- Websites are linked to other high-quality websites
- The website is updated regularly
- have sitemap for easy navigation of the site
- The website is translated into foreign languages so many people will have access to it
All the factors above contribute to site getting high ranking in Search results
.
Scavenger Hunt questions
When i read the following questions i just thought ...what an easy exercise because i knew i could count on Google BUT Too bad not this time! I had to use search engines other than Google to get the answers. Oh my gosh..it took me ages to complete the task.
1.What did Alan Turing wear while riding his bicycle around Bletchley Park?
he could be seen riding his bicycle while wearing a gas-mask to prevent hay-fever......from alltheweb.com then it directed me to this page http://www.nels.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/GURPS/WWII/Turing.htm
2. On what date did two computers first communicate with each other? Where were they?
3What is Bill Gates’ birthday and what age was he when he sold his first software?
He was born on the 28th of October 1955 so sold his first software in 1975 at the age of 20.....AOL.com
4. Where was the World Wide Web invented?
At the CERN (the European Organisation for Nuclear Research in Switzerland...AOL.com
http://www.boutell.com/newfaq/history/inventedwebwhere.html5. How does the power of the computer you are working on now compare with the power of a personal computer from 30 years ago?
6. What is the weight of the largest parsnip ever grown?
It was grown by Norman Craven of Cannington, Ontario weighing in at 8 lb 6 oz which is equivalent to about 3.7 kilos…AOL.com
http://www.vintageassessments.com/vd/rawf_2003.html
7. When did Queensland become a state and why is the Tweed River in New South Wales?
It became a state in 1859
8. What was the weather like in south-east Queensland on 17 November 1954?
9. Why is is Lord Byron still remembered in Venice?
He bragged that he had sex with 250 women over the course of one year. The sheer brazenness and multiplicity of his sexual swath astonished people. ...ask.com ....doggy huh????
http://hayleybell.wordpress.com/2009/08/21/week-4-scave..
10. What band did Sirhan Chapman play in and what is his real name?
The band is Black Assassins but im not sure of his real name because i couldn't find it anywhere
1.What did Alan Turing wear while riding his bicycle around Bletchley Park?
he could be seen riding his bicycle while wearing a gas-mask to prevent hay-fever......from alltheweb.com then it directed me to this page http://www.nels.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/GURPS/WWII/Turing.htm
2. On what date did two computers first communicate with each other? Where were they?
3What is Bill Gates’ birthday and what age was he when he sold his first software?
He was born on the 28th of October 1955 so sold his first software in 1975 at the age of 20.....AOL.com
4. Where was the World Wide Web invented?
At the CERN (the European Organisation for Nuclear Research in Switzerland...AOL.com
http://www.boutell.com/newfaq/history/inventedwebwhere.html5. How does the power of the computer you are working on now compare with the power of a personal computer from 30 years ago?
6. What is the weight of the largest parsnip ever grown?
It was grown by Norman Craven of Cannington, Ontario weighing in at 8 lb 6 oz which is equivalent to about 3.7 kilos…AOL.com
http://www.vintageassessments.com/vd/rawf_2003.html
7. When did Queensland become a state and why is the Tweed River in New South Wales?
It became a state in 1859
8. What was the weather like in south-east Queensland on 17 November 1954?
9. Why is is Lord Byron still remembered in Venice?
He bragged that he had sex with 250 women over the course of one year. The sheer brazenness and multiplicity of his sexual swath astonished people. ...ask.com ....doggy huh????
http://hayleybell.wordpress.com/2009/08/21/week-4-scave..
10. What band did Sirhan Chapman play in and what is his real name?
The band is Black Assassins but im not sure of his real name because i couldn't find it anywhere
Lecture 3 Summary-New and Social Media
Media: "when technology is used for cultural and social communication that comunication becomes medium of communication."Media is a plural for medium (Marshall MacLuhan;Raymond Williams)
In the lecture today we were introduced to the common themes of early internet studies and the one which was interesting for me was that of individual identity.Turkle in his book, Life on the screen brings out notion of self identity,how people portray themselves on the internet in a best favourable manner.This is the idea that you can be anyone you want to be on the internet.For one can pretend to be over 18 just to have access to adult movies or a guy can be a girl...
We also looked at how the social networks are now ego-centric, meaning that attention is now centralised on individuals and not on the common interests of a group.
One other thing that stood out for me is the fact that we get into legally binding contracts when we sign up for Facebook and other social sites by ticking the "I agree" box without full knowledge of their terms and conditions.This is the reason why we cannot sue them at any court when the sell our photos to magazines because according to the contract we "agreed" to they can do whatever they want with our stuff on their website......so whose stuff is it anyway????
In the lecture today we were introduced to the common themes of early internet studies and the one which was interesting for me was that of individual identity.Turkle in his book, Life on the screen brings out notion of self identity,how people portray themselves on the internet in a best favourable manner.This is the idea that you can be anyone you want to be on the internet.For one can pretend to be over 18 just to have access to adult movies or a guy can be a girl...
We also looked at how the social networks are now ego-centric, meaning that attention is now centralised on individuals and not on the common interests of a group.
One other thing that stood out for me is the fact that we get into legally binding contracts when we sign up for Facebook and other social sites by ticking the "I agree" box without full knowledge of their terms and conditions.This is the reason why we cannot sue them at any court when the sell our photos to magazines because according to the contract we "agreed" to they can do whatever they want with our stuff on their website......so whose stuff is it anyway????
When i was back home i usually used my mobile phone to communicate with my family and friends.I started using Facebook and Skype about two years ago when i came to Australia because i now had access to the internet and it was cheaper for me as i didnt have to pay both.Facebook was a great way of communicating with my friends and family until i started adding people i didnt know to my friends' list.I cant believe that i ended up deactivating my account simply beacuse of dramas that were just unfolding almost everyday...The issue of privacy never really got to me while using these technologies,but today's lecture provoked my thinking.I'm sure from now onwards i'll just be so conscious of the information that i post on those social networking sites...
Lecture 2 Summary-History of Computing and the Internet
The History of Computers and the internet.............The origins of computers can be traced back to the 19th century. Charles Babbage invented the first computer during this period and its sole purpose was to perform mathematical calculations. This was then developed by Ada Byron, a daughter of a famous poet. In the 1950s IBM produced the first commercial computers which were used by the military.
In the culture of computer users the term internet and web are used interchangeably as they are presumed to mean the same thing. It was interesting for me to note the difference between the two as it was being explained in today's lecture. Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that uses Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) to support communications world wide, whereas the web is just one use of the internet. The U.S Department of Defense, though not the actual inventors of the internet, are responsible for the development the internet. They first used ARPANET for communication of research information......The net is about 40 years old
In the culture of computer users the term internet and web are used interchangeably as they are presumed to mean the same thing. It was interesting for me to note the difference between the two as it was being explained in today's lecture. Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that uses Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) to support communications world wide, whereas the web is just one use of the internet. The U.S Department of Defense, though not the actual inventors of the internet, are responsible for the development the internet. They first used ARPANET for communication of research information......The net is about 40 years old
Tutorial 1-Introduction To Communication Technologies
Hi everyone,
Im Diana and im studying Law/Arts.Im doing this course,New Communication Technologies because of the passion for computer and internet studies that i've always had...Although this course may not be wholly about computers and the internet ,i have no doubt that it will include an analysis of both the computer and intrenet uses, so i hope this will give me a better understanding and awareness of these and other new technologies that have flourished around the world.
Looking forward to it!!!
Im Diana and im studying Law/Arts.Im doing this course,New Communication Technologies because of the passion for computer and internet studies that i've always had...Although this course may not be wholly about computers and the internet ,i have no doubt that it will include an analysis of both the computer and intrenet uses, so i hope this will give me a better understanding and awareness of these and other new technologies that have flourished around the world.
Looking forward to it!!!
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